Methods of
Teaching Social Science- Lecture Method, Demonstration Method, Project Method, Problem-Solving
Method, Source Method, Supervised Study Method, Textbook Method
Lecture
Methods-
The lecture is the oldest
and most commonly used method. Almost all the secondary school teacher uses the
lecture methods while teaching.
Merits of Lecture Methods
a) Lecture method is useful
to give background information on a particular topic.
b) With the help of short
lecture one can give a gist of a topic or wrap up the lesson.
c) Lecture method helps the
teacher to deal with various topics within a short period of time.
d) Lecture method helps the
teacher to give lots of information on that particular topic.
e) In the lecture method teacher
can teach to a large group of audience.
Demerits of Lecture Methods
a) Lecture method is not
suitable for the younger or primary school student.
b) Lecture method can be
monotonous.
c) Skill teacher is needed
to use the lecture method as communication is the most important part of
lecture method.
d) For all type of learner
lecture method may not be suitable.
Due to its various demerits
current educator criticizes this method but due to its unique strength this
method is still commonly used.
Demonstration
Method
The demonstration is one of the useful methods through the use
of this method teacher can provide
information, create interest, and also can develop the standards of work by
showing how a process is done. This method is effective when followed by an activity.
It is a art of depicting the skills associated with the action.
Merits of Demonstration
a) Demonstration method
helps to create interest among the student.
b) Demonstration method
helps the teacher to present a clear concept among the student.
c) Demonstration method
helps create involvement among the student.
d) To arouse attention among
the student this method is fruitful and also motivates them to learn.
e) Helps the student to
express their thought which helps to increase the knowledge.
Demerits
a) There must be active and
equal participant of the student, otherwise this method is useless.
b) Teaching aids that will
be used in demonstration method, must be attractive, otherwise, the student will lose
interest.
c) If the teacher fails to
provide the extra knowledge, then students may find it boring.
d) Teacher must be skilled
in using this method, otherwise objective may not be achieved
e) Due to individual
difference, this method may not be able to achieve the goal of the teacher.
Project
Method
Project method is considered
as the best method in compression to other methods. This method is based on the principle
“learning by doing”. In this method
teacher have to provide a situation where he pupils can learn according to
their interests and attitudes. The situations may be like- conversation on
different topics, discussions, pictures, buildings or sites, telling stories or
taking children out on excursions and educational tours. In this situation teacher’s role is to
discover the interests, needs, tasks and aptitudes of the children. Dr.
Kilpatrick points out "the part of the pupil and the part of the teacher
in most of the school work depend largely on who does the proposing".
Merits of Project
Method
a) Project method helps the
learner to learn according to their interest an attitude.
b) This method motivates the
learner to learn as it is activity based learning.
c) The use of this method helps the learner to
connect with the real life world.
Demerits Project
Method
a) This method is time
consuming.
b) It is costly in compare
to other method.
c) This method cannot be use
regularly as it is impossible to give the project all the time and subject.
Problem-Solving
Method
Problem solving method is
quite suitable for basic education system as it teach the student how to deal
with real life problem. In this method teacher has to create a situation in the
school where the student can feel the problem and find out solution with their
capacity and ability. This method is characterized by mental activity and
critical thinking.
Merits of Problem
solving method
a) The use of this method
helps the learner to learn the real life problem and deal with it.
b) It helps to develop the
power of critical judgment.
c) It makes the pupil to
participate actively.
d) It makes the student
independent.
Demerits of Problem
solving method
a) This method required more
time.
b) Sometime it becomes
boring and monotonous.
c) May not expect
satisfactory result all the time.
d) Required too much of
reference material to make understand the pupil.
Source
Method
Source method is a method
use by the teacher to teach the student by using various sources. Sources may
be written or printed record or it may be original. Original sources are
like-statues, tools, weapons, customs, tradition etc. Written sources are like-
newspaper, manuscript, diaries, letters, reports etc.
Merits of Source Method
a) It gives a opportunity of
mental training develop the power of thinking, imagination, self-expression an
discussion.
b) It also develops the
power of reasoning and power of judgment.
Demerits of Source Method
a) The method is long and
the progress of the student is slow.
b) It is not possible to use
this method in lower class.
c) Trained teacher is needed
to use this method.
Supervised
Study Method
In this method teacher
supervise and direct the student till they become independent and efficient in
his learning. In teaching social science this method occupies a special place.
Merits of Supervised Method
a) To meet the individual
difference this method can be use.
b) In this method teacher
become the guide, friend and philosopher.
c) This method helps the
student to become independent.
Demerits of Supervised
Method
a) It is helpful for only
slow Learner.
b) Self- reliance of the
student can be destroyed.
Textbook
Method
Textbook is nothing but a
logical and systematic arrangement of sources by the educational department. In
teaching learning process textbook is the main source. This method is use in
all school by the teacher.
Merits of Textbook Method
a) Textbook is important for
self study and develop the study skill.
b) It is useful as it give
logical and systematic information of a particular subject.
Demerits of Textbook Method
a) Critical thinking does
not develop.
b) Without the help of
teacher pupil may not take all the advantage of the textbook.
- Meaning of Social Studies
- Scope of Social Studies
- Understanding Social studies
- Methods of Teaching Social Science
- Teaching Methods: Principles of Good Teaching Methods
The General Principles of Teaching
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